Nobel Foundation

Two British scientists won Nobel Prizes this year: Sir Robert Robinson in Chemistry (for work on plant products and the alkaloids) and Sir Edward Victor Appleton in Physics for work on the upper atmosphere and...

Lord Patrick Maynard Stuart Blackett 's work in the fields of nuclear physics and cosmic radiation brought him the Nobel Prize in Physics.

Lord (John) Boyd Orr of Brechin from Great Britain was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his improvements to the world's production and distribution of food.

Bertrand Russell from Great Britain was awarded this year's Nobel Prize in Literature in recognition of his varied and significant writings in which he champions humanitarian ideals and freedom of thought.

Sir John Douglas Cockcroft from Great Britain and Ernest Thomas Sinton Walton of Ireland were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for their work in the artifical acceleration of atomic particles.

Archer John Porter Martin and Richard Laurence Millington Synge from Great Britain were awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for research involving transuranium elements.

Former Prime Minister Sir Winston Churchill of Great Britain was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature for his mastery of historical and biographical description as well as for brilliant oratory in defending exalted human values.

Britain's Max Born , with Walter Bothe of Germany, won the Nobel Prize in Physics for research in quantum mechanics; American Linus Pauling was awarded the prize in Chemistry, and the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

Sir Cyril Norman Hinshellwood from Great Britain was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry. The prize, shared with Nikolai Nikolaevich Semenov , recognized research achievements in the mechanism of chemical reactions.

Alexander Robertus Todd of Great Britain (later Lord Todd) was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for research into nucleotides and nucleotide co-enzymes.

Frederick Sanger from Great Britain was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for research involving the structure of proteins, especially insulin.

Boris Pasternak was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature. He initially accepted the prize, but was quickly forced by the Soviet government to decline it.

Philip J. Noel-Baker from Great Britain was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his long-term commitments to disarmament, the aid of war-displaced refugees, and the League of Nations .

Peter Brian Medawar from Great Britain was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. The prize, recognizing the discovery of acquired immunological tolerance, was shared with Australia's Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet .

Francis Crick and Maurice Wilkins of Great Britain were awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, together with James D. Watson of the USA, for their work on DNA.