Eliza Haywood

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Standard Name: Haywood, Eliza
Birth Name: Elizabeth Fowler
Married Name: Eliza Haywood
Pseudonym: A Young Lady
Pseudonym: Mira
Pseudonym: Euphrosine
Pseudonym: The Authors of the Female Spectator
Pseudonym: The Author of the Fortunate Foundlings
Pseudonym: Exploralibus
Pseudonym: The Son of a Mandarin, residing in London
EH was the most prolific novelist by number of titles (even ignoring those doubtfully ascribed) between Aphra Behn and Charlotte Smith . She also wrote poems, plays, periodicals, conduct books, translation, and theatre history. Her output of 72 works and four collections (actual or planned) skews all graphs of the rising output of published works by women. Some readers find the endless, breathless sex scenes of her earlier fiction tedious; but behind the sensationalism is a sharp mind. She is hilariously satirical, pointedly topical, formally inventive and experimental, and trenchantly critical of power misused (in both political and gender relations). Her career shows a certain direction as well as a constant opportunism. The varied origins of the novel gave her scope for original hybridizations of the pliable new form. Her Betsy Thoughtless first brought to the post-Richardsonian novel a female viewpoint unmonitored by male mentors. Her Female Spectator was the first woman's work in the new magazine genre.
Black and white engraving of Eliza Haywood by George Vertue after a painting by James Parmentier. It has an oval frame tied with a ribbon at the top and set within a rectangular from. Haywood's hair is tied back, with a lock of it showing on her left shoulder. She is wearing a dress with a deep decolletage and lace at the bosom. This engraving was used as frontispiece to vol. i of her "Secret Histories, Novels and Poems", of which the second (and perhaps only) edition appeared in 1725.

Connections

Connections Author name Excerpt
Intertextuality and Influence Frances Brooke
Mary Singleton, supposed author of this paper, with its trenchant comments on society and politics, is an unmarried woman on the verge of fifty,
qtd. in
McMullen, Lorraine. An Odd Attempt in a Woman: The Literary Life of Frances Brooke. University of British Columbia Press, 1983.
14
good-humoured as well as sharply intelligent: a contribution to the...
Intertextuality and Influence Catherine Hutton
Jane Oakwood says (presumably standing in for her author, as she often does) that in youth she was accused of imitating Juliet, Lady Catesby (Frances Brooke 's translation from Marie-Jeanne Riccoboni ).
Hutton, Catherine. Oakwood Hall. Longman, Hurst, Rees, Orme, and Brown, 1819, 3 vols.
3: 95
Intertextuality and Influence Violet Trefusis
This work clearly follows in the tradition of the erotic, oriental, satirical novel Le Sopha, 1742, by the younger Crébillon .
Le Sopha was translated into English in the year of original publication by...
Intertextuality and Influence Charlotte Lennox
The novel's opening is an early example of a technique which was to remain popular with authors for generations: About the middle of July 17 — . . . , where the precise day and...
Intertextuality and Influence Susan Smythies
The title-page bears a quotation from Prior 's verse romance Henry and Emma, but SS lays explicit claim, too, to a canonical tradition of prose fiction. The book begins with a series of tales...
Intertextuality and Influence Delarivier Manley
The feminist revenge fantasy in The Wife's Resentment, of a woman executing rough justice on her upper-class betrayer, was tamed and sentimentalised by successors who included Eliza Haywood .
Donovan, Josephine. “From Avenger to Victim: Genealogy of a Renaissance Novella”. Tulsa Studies in Women’s Literature, Vol.
15
, No. 2, 1 Sept.–30 Nov. 1996, pp. 269-88.
280
Literary responses Delarivier Manley
Swift also, like his erstwhile allies Addison and Steele , was spurred by DM 's example to consternation over women's growing political activity. Though he was personally her friend, Swift undoubtedly aimed partly at her...
Literary responses Penelope Aubin
Critic Chris Mounsey thinks this novel too like a Haywood sex-romp for PA to wish to attach her name to it.
Mounsey, Chris. “’ . . . bring her naked from her Bed, that I may ravish her before the Dotard’s face, and then send his Soul to Hell’: Penelope Aubin, Impious Pietist, Humourist or Purveyor of Juvenile Fantasy?”. Journal for Eighteenth-Century Studies, Vol.
26
, No. 1, 1 Mar.–31 May 2003, pp. 55-75.
61
Debbie Welham reads it as a message of encouragement in hard times.
Welham, Debbie. “The Political Afterlife of Resentment in Penelope Aubins The Life and Amorous Adventures of Lucinda (1721)”. Womens Writing, Vol.
20
, No. 1, 2013, pp. 49-63.
58
Literary responses Samuel Richardson
This ground-breaking novel provoked wild enthusiasm among general readers, and a number of unauthorised continuations. Henry Fielding 's Shamela and Eliza Haywood 's Anti-Pamela are the most satirical among these.
Literary responses Sarah Fielding
This novel had some influence on Samuel Johnson , both on his Rambler essays and on Rasselas: a matter which deserves critical attention. In fiction it ushers in a brilliant mid-century constellation and, together...
Literary responses Sarah Chapone
SC 's friend and printer Richardson saw her project in a different and far more simple light than she did: as the administering by a good woman of an antidote to the Poison shed by...
Literary responses Susanna Haswell Rowson
The Critical Review situated this work in reference to two others: Sterne 's Sentimental Journey and Elizabeth Bonhote 's The Rambles of Mr. Frankly. (It apparently did not remember Eliza Haywood 's The Invisible...
Occupation Henry Fielding
Having had his first play produced in February 1728 and gone on to achieve some success in the difficult metier of London playwright, HF became manager of the Little Theatre in the Haymarketbecause that...
Author summary Penelope Aubin
PA began publishing early in the eighteenth century. She is chiefly known for her short novels, though she turned her hand to poetry and comedy as well. At the height of her career her rate...
Publishing Martha Fowke
Curll (said by Eliza Haywood to have been wooed by Fowke as her publisher) may have been a sleeping partner in the earlier edition. The second (labelled as the third) also contained extraneous material.
Baines, Paul, and Pat Rogers. Edmund Curll, Bookseller. Clarendon Press, 2007.
207

Timeline

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Texts

Haywood, Eliza. Love in Excess. W. Chetwood, 1720, 3 vols.
Haywood, Eliza. Love in Excess. Editor Oakleaf, David, Broadview, 1994.
Haywood, Eliza. Love-Letters on All Occasions. J. Brindley, 1730.
Mary Stuart. Translator Haywood, Eliza, D. Browne, Jr., S. Chapman, J. Woodman and D. Lyon, 1725.
Haywood, Eliza. Memoirs of a Certain Island. Booksellers of London and Westminster, 1726, 2 vols.
Prévost d’Exiles, Antoine-François. Memoirs of a Man of Honour. Translator Haywood, Eliza, John Nourse, 1747, 2 vols.
Haywood, Eliza. Memoirs of an Unfortunate Young Nobleman. J. Freeman, 1743, 2 vols.
Haywood, Eliza. Philidore and Placentia. T. Green, 1727, 2 vols.
Haywood, Eliza. Secret Histories, Novels, and Poems. The Second Edition, D. Browne, Jr., and S. Chapman, 1725, 4 vols.
Haywood, Eliza. Selected Fiction and Drama of Eliza Haywood. Editor Backscheider, Paula R., Oxford University Press, 1999, http://HSS.
Haywood, Eliza. Some Memoirs of the Amours and Intrigues of a Certain Irish Dean. J. Roberts, 1728.
Haywood, Eliza. The Agreeable Caledonian. Richard King, 1728, 2 vols.
Haywood, Eliza. The British Recluse. D. Browne, Jr.; W. Chetwood, and J. Woodman; S. Chapman, 1722.
Haywood, Eliza. The City Widow. J. Roberts, 1728.
Préchac, Jean de, and Marie-Catherine de Villedieu. The Disguis’d Prince. Translator Haywood, Eliza, T. Corbett, 1729, 2 vols.
Haywood, Eliza. The Distress’d Orphan. J. Roberts, 1726.
Haywood, Eliza. The Dramatic Historiographer. F. Cogan and J. Nourse, 1735.
Haywood, Eliza. The Fair Captive. T. Jauncy and H. Cole, 1721.
Haywood, Eliza. The Fair Hebrew. J. Brindley, W. Meadows, J. Walthoe, A. Bettesworth, T. Astley, T. Worrall, J. Lewis, J. Penn, and R. Walker, 1729.
Haywood, Eliza. The Fatal Secret. 2nd ed., J. Roberts, 1724.
Haywood, Eliza. The Female Spectator. T. Gardner.
Haywood, Eliza. The Female Spectator. Xerox University Microfilms.
Haywood, Eliza, editor. The Female Spectator. 7th ed., H. Gardner, 1771, 4 vols.
Haywood, Eliza. The Fortunate Foundlings. T. Gardner, 1744.
Haywood, Eliza. The Fruitless Enquiry. J. Stephens, 1727.